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小学英语 · 语法加油站

介词固定搭配:to / of / with

把三个"小介词"分清楚,搭配就不再靠猜 💪

一、先分清三个介词 区别点

to ➡️ 箭头

表示方向、对象、目标:给谁、朝谁、跟谁。

listen to / talk to / get to

of 📦 盒子

表示所属、内容、量词:"的"、里面装的是什么。

a cup of / be proud of

with 🤝 手拉手

表示一起、伴随、工具、对人的态度。

share with / angry with
搭配中文关键区别
agree to a plan同意计划to = 朝"计划"点头
agree with sb同意某人with = 与"人"站在一起
talk to sb对某人说(单向)to = 箭头指向对方
talk with sb与某人交谈(互动)with = 一起聊
be made of由……制成of = 材料"属于"它
be angry with sb生某人的气with 后面接"人"
be afraid of害怕……of 引出害怕的对象
prefer A to B更喜欢 A固定用 to,不用 with
share sth with sb和某人分享with = 一起拥有
think of sth想起……of = 从心里"取出"
一句话记住:箭头 ➡️ 用 to,盒子 📦 用 of,手拉手 🤝 用 with。

二、to 的固定搭配 方向 · 对象 · 目标

搭配中文例句
listen to听……Please listen to the teacher.
talk to对……说I talked to my mum yesterday.
speak to和……讲话May I speak to Tom, please?
write to写信给……I write to my pen friend every month.
get to到达……I get to school at eight.
give … to把……给Please give the book to me.
say … to对……说Say "thank you" to your teacher.
belong to属于……This pencil belongs to me.
prefer A to B更喜欢 AI prefer tea to coffee.
be kind / polite / rude to对……友善/有礼/粗鲁Be polite to your teachers.
next to在……旁边The bank is next to the park.
from … to …从……到……We go to school from Monday to Friday.
look forward to + -ing期待……I look forward to seeing you.
be used to + -ing习惯于……I am used to getting up early.
apologize to向……道歉You should apologize to him.
agree to (a plan)同意(计划)He agreed to our plan.
add … to把……加到Add some sugar to the milk.
特别提醒:look forward to 和 be used to 里的 to 是介词,后面动词要加 -ing(不是 to do)!这是最容易错的坑。

三、of 的固定搭配 所属 · 内容 · 量词

搭配中文例句
a lot of / lots of许多There are a lot of books here.
a cup / bottle / piece of一杯/瓶/张……I want a cup of tea.
be afraid of害怕……She is afraid of dogs.
be proud of为……骄傲I am proud of my brother.
be full of充满……The box is full of toys.
be fond of喜欢……I am fond of music.
be tired of厌倦……He is tired of the same game.
be jealous of嫉妒……Don't be jealous of others.
think of想起……I can't think of his name.
hear of听说……I have never heard of that place.
take care of照顾……Please take care of my dog.
be made of由……制成The table is made of wood.
because of因为……We stayed home because of the rain.
instead of代替……I drink water instead of coke.
one of the ………之一She is one of my best friends.
be sure of对……有把握Are you sure of the answer?
小技巧:看到 "一 + 量词 + of"(a cup of、a piece of)就用 of——量词后面永远是 of,表示"里面装的是"。

四、with 的固定搭配 一起 · 态度 · 工具

搭配中文例句
be angry with sb生某人的气Mum is angry with me.
be pleased with对……满意Dad is pleased with my work.
be busy with忙于……She is busy with her homework.
help … with帮……做I help Mum with the housework.
share … with和……分享I share my toys with my sister.
agree with sb同意某人I agree with you.
play with和……玩Don't play with fire.
be covered with覆盖着……The ground is covered with snow.
be filled with装满……The bag is filled with books.
discuss with与……讨论Let's discuss it with our teacher.
get on with与……相处I get on well with my classmates.
be patient with对……有耐心Be patient with young children.
be strict with对……严格My parents are strict with me.
be familiar with熟悉……I am familiar with this song.
start / begin with以……开始Let's start with an easy question.
be careful with小心……Be careful with the knife.
小技巧:表示对"人"的态度(angry / pleased / patient / strict with)几乎都用 with;表示一起做(play / share / discuss / help with)也用 with。

五、易混对比 & 记忆口诀 考试常考

箭头 ➡️ to,盒子 📦 of,手拉手 🤝 with
对人有礼 polite to;害怕某物 afraid of;生气对人 angry with
同意计划 agree to;同意人用 agree with
必背坑:look forward to doing · be used to doing · prefer A to B —— 这三个 to 后面接 -ing 或名词,千万别写 to do。

六、练习题 边做边记

练习一 · 选介词填空 得分:0 / 0

练习二 · 找错误并改正

练习三 · 中译英(先自己写,再对答案)